Dampak Aktivitas Pertambangan Emas Tanpa Izin Terhadap Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga Gurandil
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the factors which is stimulated the emergence gurandil with activities undertaken by gurandil in doing illegal gold mining and its relationship with the welfare of households by using Spearman rank correlation test. This research was conducted using quantitative research approach, namely the use of instruments such as questionnaires, and qualitative data supported by in-depth interviews, participant observation and document tracking. Results of this study explain that the factors stimulates the emergence gurandil associated with the level of activity in the gold mining without permission. Factors that influence the intensity of gurandil's activity is economic factors because the low level of earned income to meet family needs. Another factor that affects the activity of gurandil is legal factors and social factors. Gurandil activity levels are categorized according to the characteristics, namely gurandil shallow, regular gurandil, and gurandil barrel. Gurandil activity in gold mining without permission is gurandil shallow highest. Based on the obtained relationship gurandil activity by household welfare level gurandil seen from the physical condition of residential buildings, the level of health, education level, income level, and the level of expenditure.
Keywords: activity gurandil, driving factors, the level of welfare
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ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor-faktor pendorong munculnya gurandil dengan aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh gurandil dalam melakukan penambangan emas tanpa izin dan hubungannya dengan kesejahteraan rumah tangga dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif, yaitu penggunaan instrumen berupa kuesioner, dan didukung data kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan penelusuran dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini memaparkan bahwa faktor pendorong munculnya gurandil berhubungan dengan tingkat aktivitas gurandil dalam melakukan penambangan emas tanpa izin. Faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi tingginya aktivitas gurandil adalah faktor ekonomi karena rendahnya tingkat pendapatan yang diperoleh untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Faktor lain yang mempengaruhi aktivitas gurandil adalah faktor hukum dan faktor sosial. Tingkat aktivitas gurandil dikategorikan sesuai dengan karakteristik gurandil yaitu gurandil cetek, gurandil biasa, dan gurandil tong. Aktivitas gurandil dalam melakukan penambangan emas tanpa izin paling tinggi adalah gurandil cetek. Berdasarkan aktivitas gurandil tersebut diperoleh hubungan dengan tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga gurandil yang dilihat dari kondisi fisik bangunan tempat tinggal, tingkat kesehatan, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pendapatan, dan tingkat pengeluaran.
Kata kunci: aktivitas gurandil, faktor-faktor pendorong, tingkat kesejahteraan
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