ANALISIS GENDER PADA KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI AGROFORESTRI
ANALISIS GENDER PADA KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI AGROFORESTRI (Kasus: Desa Sukaluyu, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat)
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Keywords:
Agroforestri, Gender, Ketahanan pangan, Pengambilan keputusan, Rumah tangga
Abstract
Ketahanan pangan masih menjadi isu global yang mendapat perhatian serius dari berbagai negara internasional. Pertanian dengan sistem agroforestri dapat ditawarkan untuk mengatasi masalah pangan. Namun, permasalahan ketidaksetaraan gender dinilai dapat menjadi penyebab masalah kerawanan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga petani agroforestri dan kaitannya dengan pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga serta peran pembagian peran dalam pengelolaan pangan rumah tangga petani agroforestri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan mengambil sampel 60 rumah tangga petani agroforestri di Desa Sukaluyu, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan dengan instrumen kuesioner dan didukung dengan data kualitatif melalui panduan wawancara mendalam. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan adanya hubungan positif antara pembagian peran gender dengan tipe pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga petani agroforestri. Hubungan positif juga ditemukan antara tipe pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga dalam menentukan alokasi lahan untuk budidaya dengan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga petani agroforestri.
Kata kunci: Agroforestri, gender, ketahanan pangan, pengambilan keputusan, rumah tangga
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References
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Dzanku FM. 2018. Food Security in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: Exploring The Nexus between Gender, Geography and Off-Farm Employment. World Development. 113: 26-43. [diakses 2018 Nov 24]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.08.017.
Effendi S, Tukiran. 2017. Metode Penelitian Survei. Jakarta: LP3S.
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Fakih M. 1996. Analisis Gender dan Transformasi Sosial. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
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[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2015. The State of Food Insecurity in the World. [diakses 2021 Feb 03]. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4646e.pdf.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2018. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in The World. [diakses 2019 Jul 14] http://www.fao.org/3/i9553en/i9553en.pdf
Fischer E, Qaim M. 2012. Gender, Agricultural Commercialization, and Collective Action in Kenya.
Food Security. 4: 441-453. [diakses 2018 Des 17]. doi: 10.1007/s12571-012-0199-7.
Hairiah K, Sardjono MA, Sambarnurdin S. 2003. Pengantar Agroforestri. Bogor: Indonesia World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). [diakses 2021 Feb 18]. . http://apps.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Publications/files/lecturenote/LN0001-04.pdf
Handayani T, Sugiarti. 2008. Konsep dan Teknik Penelitian Gender. Malang: UPT. Penerbitan Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
Horenstein NR. 1989. Women and Food Security in Kenya. Working Papers 232. Washington D.C: The World Bank. [diakses 2021 Jul 30]. http://www- wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/08/23/000009265_3 960928010917/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf.
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Moser CO. 1993. Gender Planning and Development: Theory, Practice and Training. London (UK): Routledge. [diakses 2019 Mar 21]. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203411940.
Poerwanto R. 2015. Kebutuhan Pangan dan Sistem Produksinya. Di dalam: Khomsan A, Wahyudi AT, editor. Tantangan Generasi Muda dalam Pertanian, Pangan, dan Energi. Hlm 63-83. Bogor: PT Penerbit IPB Press.
Puslit Kependudukan LIPI. 2013. Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga di Perdesaan: Konsep dan Ukuran. [diakses tanggal 2019 Jun 06]. Jakarta: LIPI. http://directory.umm.ac.id/Laporan/Laporan_WS/KETAHANAN%20PANGAN%20RUMAH%20TANGGA.doc
Puspitawati H. 2012. Gender dan Keluarga: Konsep dan Realita di Indonesia. Bogor: PT Penerbit IPB Press.
Ruswita T, Djoka CW, Romli Syaifuddin, Merapi L, Ansori, Marbyanto. Tanpa tahun. Agroforestry/Pertanian Berkelanjutan dengan Input Luar Rendah (Low External Input for Sustainable Agriculture). Canada (CA): Proyek FORMACS: CARE International Indonesia, CIDA.
Siswati MK, Puspitawati H. 2017. Peran Gender, Pengambilan Keputusan, dan Kesejahteraan Keluarga Dual Earner. Jur Ilm Kel & Kons. 10(3): 169-180. [diakses 2019 July 29]. Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.24156/Jikk.2017.10.3.169.
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Taridala SAA. 2010. Analisis Peran Gender dalam Pencapaian Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara [disertasi]. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor. [diakses 2018 Des 20]. https://repository.ipb.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/55079/2010saa.pdf?sequence=1&isAl lowed=y
Thomas D.1990. Intra-household resource allocation: An inferential approach. Journal of Human Resources. 25(4), 635–664. [diakses 2021 Feb 19]. https://doi.org/10.2307/145670.
Villamor G, Noordwijk M, Djanibekov U, Javier M, Catacutan D. 2014. Gender differences in land- use decisions: shaping multifunctional landscapes? J. Environmental Sustainability. 6:128–133. [diakses 2019 Sep 7]. http://dacemirror.sci-hub.tw/journal- article/fc47bf93f2ed0472383a7ecd9269d194/villamor2014.pdf#view=FitH.
Weingartner L. 2009. The concept of food and nutrition security. Di dalam: K. Klennert, Editor. Achieving food and nutrition security: Actions to meet the global challenge: A training course reader.3: 21–52. Bonn (DE): InWEnt‐Internationale WeiterbildungundEntwicklunggGmbH. [diakses 2021 Feb 20]. https://wocatpedia.net/images/f/f3/Inwent_%282009%29_Achieving_Food_and_Nutrition_Se curity.pdf.
Widayaningsih N. 2012. Ketahanan Pangan pada Rumah Tangga Miskin: Perbandingan Kasus di Perdesaan Dan Perkotaan Kab. Banyumas. Purwokerto: Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. [diakses 2021 Feb 18]. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/118854-ID-ketahanan- pangan-pada-rumah-tangga-miski.pdf
Belahsen R, Naciri K, Ibrahimi AE. 2017. Food Security and Women's Roles in Moroccan Berber (Amazigh) Society Today. Matern Child Nutr. 13(S3): 1-9. [diakses 2018 Nov 27]. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12562.
Beyene F, Muche M. 2010. Determinants of Food Security among Rural Households of Central Ethiopia: An Empirical Analysis. Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture. 49(4): 299-318. [diakses 2018 Des 19]. https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/155555/2/2_Beyene.pdf. Bickel G, Nord M, Price C, Hamilton W, Cook J. 2000. Guide to Measuring Household Food Security. [diakses 2019 Apr 1]. https://fns-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/FSGuide.pdf. [BKP] Badan Ketahanan Pangan Daerah. 2013. Statistik Ketahanan Pangan Jawa Barat Tahun 2013. [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2017. Tenaga Kerja Sektor Pertanian.
Braun JV, Bouis H, Kumar S, Pandya-Lorch R. 1992. Improving Food Security of Food: Concepty, Policy, and Programs. Washington DC (DC): IFPRI. [diakses 2021 Feb 03]. http://ebrary.ifpri.org/utils/getfile/collection/p15738coll2/id/125511/filename/125542.pdf
Chung K, Haddad L, Ramakrishna J, Riely F. 1997. Identifying the Food Insecure: The Application of Mixed-method Approaches in India. Washington DC (DC): International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). [diakses 2019 Jan 23]. https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/42909/files/Identifying%20the%20food%20insecure.pdf.
De Foresta H, Kusworo A, Michon G, Djatmiko WA. 2000. Ketika kebun berupa hutan – Agroforest khas Indonesia – Sumbangan masyarakat bagi pembangunan berkelanjutan. Bogor: International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, France: Recherche pour le Development, dan Jakarta: Ford Foundation. Jakarta: SMT Grafika Desa Putera.
De Foresta H, Michon G. 1997. The agroforest alternative to Imperata grasslands: when smallholder agriculture and forestry reach sustainability. Agroforestry Systems. 36:105-120. Bogor: Indonesia World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). [diakses 2021 Feb 21]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226354978_The_agroforest_alternative_to_Imperata_grasslands_When_smallholder_agriculture_and_forestry_reach_sustainability/link/54c2888c 0cf2911c7a492052/download.
Duflo E. 2005. Gender equality in development. Cambridge (MA): Massachusetts Institute of Technology. [diakses 2021 Feb 19] http://faculty.smu.edu/tosang/pdf/duflo.pdf
Dzanku FM. 2018. Food Security in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: Exploring The Nexus between Gender, Geography and Off-Farm Employment. World Development. 113: 26-43. [diakses 2018 Nov 24]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.08.017.
Effendi S, Tukiran. 2017. Metode Penelitian Survei. Jakarta: LP3S.
[EIU]. The Economist Intelligence Unit. 2018. Global Food Security Index: Building Resilience in The Face of Rising Food Security Risks. Washington DC (DC). [diakses 2019 Agu 14]. https://foodsecurityindex.eiu.com/Home/DownloadResource?fileName=EIU%20Global%20F ood%20Security%20Index%20-%202018%20Findings%20%26%20Methodology.pdf.
Ellena R, Nongkynrih KA. 2017. Changing Gender Roles and Relations in Food Provisioning among Matrilineal Khasi and Patrilineal Chakhesang Indigenous Rural People of North-East India. Matern Child Nutr. 13(S3): 1-14. [diakses 2018 Nov 14]. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12560.
Ene‐Obong HN, Onuoha KA, Eme PE. 2017. Gender Roles, Family Relationships, and Household Food and Nutrition Security in Ohafia Matrilineal Society in Nigeria. Matern Child Nutr. 13(S3): 1-13. [diakses 2018 Nov 24]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.08.017.
Ericksen PJ, Ingram JSI, Liverman DM.2009. Food Security and Global Environmental Change: Emerging Challenges. Environmental Science and Policy. vol 12(2009): 373 –377. [diakses 2021 Feb 03]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2009.04.007
Fakih M. 1996. Analisis Gender dan Transformasi Sosial. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 1992. [The State of Food and Agriculture [diakses 2021 Feb 03]. http://www.fao.org/3/a-t0656e.pdf.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2015. The State of Food Insecurity in the World. [diakses 2021 Feb 03]. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4646e.pdf.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2018. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in The World. [diakses 2019 Jul 14] http://www.fao.org/3/i9553en/i9553en.pdf
Fischer E, Qaim M. 2012. Gender, Agricultural Commercialization, and Collective Action in Kenya.
Food Security. 4: 441-453. [diakses 2018 Des 17]. doi: 10.1007/s12571-012-0199-7.
Hairiah K, Sardjono MA, Sambarnurdin S. 2003. Pengantar Agroforestri. Bogor: Indonesia World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). [diakses 2021 Feb 18]. . http://apps.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Publications/files/lecturenote/LN0001-04.pdf
Handayani T, Sugiarti. 2008. Konsep dan Teknik Penelitian Gender. Malang: UPT. Penerbitan Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
Horenstein NR. 1989. Women and Food Security in Kenya. Working Papers 232. Washington D.C: The World Bank. [diakses 2021 Jul 30]. http://www- wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/08/23/000009265_3 960928010917/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf.
[IFPRI] International Food Policy Research Institute. 2017. Global Hunger Index: The Inequalities of Hunger. Washington DC (DC). [diakses 2019 Jan 21]. http://www.ifpri.org/cdmref/p15738coll2/id/131422/filename/131628.pdf.
Lappe FM, Rosset P, Collins J. 1998. World Hunger: 12 Myths. New York (NY): Grove Press. [diakses 2020 Feb 03]. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Peter_Rosset/publication/274202866_World_Hunger_T welve_Myths/links/55742d9c08ae7536374feb9c/World-Hunger-Twelve-Myths.pdf
Moser CO. 1993. Gender Planning and Development: Theory, Practice and Training. London (UK): Routledge. [diakses 2019 Mar 21]. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203411940.
Poerwanto R. 2015. Kebutuhan Pangan dan Sistem Produksinya. Di dalam: Khomsan A, Wahyudi AT, editor. Tantangan Generasi Muda dalam Pertanian, Pangan, dan Energi. Hlm 63-83. Bogor: PT Penerbit IPB Press.
Puslit Kependudukan LIPI. 2013. Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga di Perdesaan: Konsep dan Ukuran. [diakses tanggal 2019 Jun 06]. Jakarta: LIPI. http://directory.umm.ac.id/Laporan/Laporan_WS/KETAHANAN%20PANGAN%20RUMAH%20TANGGA.doc
Puspitawati H. 2012. Gender dan Keluarga: Konsep dan Realita di Indonesia. Bogor: PT Penerbit IPB Press.
Ruswita T, Djoka CW, Romli Syaifuddin, Merapi L, Ansori, Marbyanto. Tanpa tahun. Agroforestry/Pertanian Berkelanjutan dengan Input Luar Rendah (Low External Input for Sustainable Agriculture). Canada (CA): Proyek FORMACS: CARE International Indonesia, CIDA.
Siswati MK, Puspitawati H. 2017. Peran Gender, Pengambilan Keputusan, dan Kesejahteraan Keluarga Dual Earner. Jur Ilm Kel & Kons. 10(3): 169-180. [diakses 2019 July 29]. Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.24156/Jikk.2017.10.3.169.
Soemarno. 2010. Strategi Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Pangan Rumah Tangga Pedesaan. Malang: pslp- ppsub. [diakses 2019 Apr 03]. http://marno.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2011/12/strategi-pemenuhan- kecukupan-pangan-rumahtangga.pdf.
Taridala SAA. 2010. Analisis Peran Gender dalam Pencapaian Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara [disertasi]. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor. [diakses 2018 Des 20]. https://repository.ipb.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/55079/2010saa.pdf?sequence=1&isAl lowed=y
Thomas D.1990. Intra-household resource allocation: An inferential approach. Journal of Human Resources. 25(4), 635–664. [diakses 2021 Feb 19]. https://doi.org/10.2307/145670.
Villamor G, Noordwijk M, Djanibekov U, Javier M, Catacutan D. 2014. Gender differences in land- use decisions: shaping multifunctional landscapes? J. Environmental Sustainability. 6:128–133. [diakses 2019 Sep 7]. http://dacemirror.sci-hub.tw/journal- article/fc47bf93f2ed0472383a7ecd9269d194/villamor2014.pdf#view=FitH.
Weingartner L. 2009. The concept of food and nutrition security. Di dalam: K. Klennert, Editor. Achieving food and nutrition security: Actions to meet the global challenge: A training course reader.3: 21–52. Bonn (DE): InWEnt‐Internationale WeiterbildungundEntwicklunggGmbH. [diakses 2021 Feb 20]. https://wocatpedia.net/images/f/f3/Inwent_%282009%29_Achieving_Food_and_Nutrition_Se curity.pdf.
Widayaningsih N. 2012. Ketahanan Pangan pada Rumah Tangga Miskin: Perbandingan Kasus di Perdesaan Dan Perkotaan Kab. Banyumas. Purwokerto: Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. [diakses 2021 Feb 18]. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/118854-ID-ketahanan- pangan-pada-rumah-tangga-miski.pdf
Published
2021-09-08
How to Cite
MegantaraF. S., & Nuraini W Prasodjo. (2021). ANALISIS GENDER PADA KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI AGROFORESTRI : ANALISIS GENDER PADA KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI AGROFORESTRI (Kasus: Desa Sukaluyu, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat). Jurnal Sains Komunikasi Dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM], 5(4), 577-596. https://doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.v5i4.858
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